Selenium

Selenium is crucial for preconception, pregnancy, and postpartum as it serves as a vital component of selenoproteins, which is importance for antioxidant defenses, immune function, and thyroid hormone metabolism. 

During preconception, selenium supports reproductive health by safeguarding egg and sperm cells from oxidative damage. 

In pregnancy, adequate selenium levels are essential for foetal development, including the formation of the brain and immune system. 

Postpartum, selenium continues to play a role in maternal immune function and helps regulate thyroid hormones, contributing to overall well-being. 

References:

Combs, G. F. (2001). Selenium in global food systems. British Journal of Nutrition, 85(5), 517-547. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN2000280

Gropper, S., Smith, J., & Groff, J. (2009). Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism (5th ed.). Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

Mistry, H. D., & Williams, P. J. (2014). The importance of antioxidant micronutrients in pregnancy. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2014, 1-14. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3171895/

Rayman, M. P. (2012). Selenium and human health. The Lancet, 379(9822), 1256-1268. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61452-9